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Äussere Neustadt (Bern)
The Äussere Neustadt is a historic section in the Old City of Bern in Bern, Switzerland.
For almost a century the ''Käfigturm'' remained the western boundary of Bern. However, as the city grew, people began settling outside the city walls. In 1344 the city started to build a third wall to protect the growing population. By 1346 the project was finished and six new streets were protected by a wall and the ''Christoffelturm'' (German: St. Christopher Tower). The ''Christoffelturm'' remained the western border of Bern until the 19th century. From 1622 to 1634 a series of defensive walls and strong points were added outside the ''Christoffelturm''. These defensive walls, known as the ''Grosse Schanze'' and ''Kleine Schanze'' (large and small redoubts respectively) as well as the ''Schanzegraben'' (redoubt ditch or moat), were never used as living space for the city, though the ''Schanzengraben'' was used for a while to house the Bärengraben.
Only the four central streets (Schauplatzgasse, Spitalgasse, Neuengasse and Aarbergergasse) were lined with residential houses in late medieval times, while the rest of the area was devoted to agriculture and animal husbandry.〔 In: 〕
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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